Vanuatu remains the world's cheapest active citizenship-by-investment programme at $130,000, and Dominica the cheapest in the Caribbean at $200,000. Neither is automatically the best value once travel access is weighed in.
St Lucia's National Economic Fund contribution is $240,000, with the broadest published menu of investment routes in the Caribbean, but also the longest typical processing time of the five established programmes, up to 18 months.
St Kitts and Nevis, the oldest Caribbean CBI programme, requires $250,000 through its Sustainable Island State Contribution. It offers the fastest processing of the five programmes and, alongside Grenada, US E-2 treaty access.
Grenada's National Transformation Fund contribution stands at $235,000 in 2026. It remains the only Caribbean citizenship-by-investment programme with US E-2 treaty access, though a 3-year domicile rule applies before that becomes usable.
Dominica remains the lowest-cost established Caribbean citizenship-by-investment programme at $200,000. UK visa-free access was withdrawn in 2023; a new EU review and regional residency rule are now also live issues for applicants.
Antigua and Barbuda's National Development Fund route costs $230,000 for a family of up to four, with a unique university scholarship option for larger families and a 5-day residence requirement that may soon rise to 30.
Portugal's D8 visa income threshold rose to €3,680 a month in 2026. A separate 2026 law also doubled the residency period needed before D8 holders can apply for Portuguese citizenship, from 5 years to 10.
Malta's Nomad Residence Permit requires €42,000 a year and offers a 10% flat tax rate. Unlike Malta's former citizenship-by-investment route, it was not touched by the 2025 ECJ ruling, because it grants residence, not citizenship.
Italy's digital nomad and remote worker visa requires around €28,000 a year, but unlike most nomad visas it is only open to highly skilled applicants who meet Blue Card-equivalent qualification requirements.
Greece's Digital Nomad Visa requires €3,500 a month and offers a 50% income tax reduction for up to 7 years. Since February 2026, applications must go through a Greek consulate; in-country applications are no longer accepted.
Croatia's digital nomad income threshold rose to €3,622.50 a month in 2026. The permit now runs up to 18 months, fully tax-free on foreign income, but cannot be renewed: holders must leave for 6 months before reapplying.
Vanuatu offers the lowest official citizenship-by-investment minimum in the world at $130,000. Both the EU and the UK have withdrawn visa-free access for its passport. Here is the honest current picture.
Spain's investor residency visa ended on 3 April 2025. Here is what the programme offered, why it closed, what happens to people who already hold one, and the routes that have replaced it for non-EU nationals.
Malta's citizenship-by-investment route closed in July 2025 after the EU's top court ruled it unlawful. Here is what the court actually decided, what replaced the €600,000 and €750,000 tiers, and what still works.
The UK has no E-2 treaty with the United States, so British citizens cannot apply for the E-2 investor visa directly. Grenada does. Here is what the E-2 actually grants, the real cost stack, and the timeline.
As of 2026, no EU member state operates a citizenship-by-investment scheme. Here is what the 29 April 2025 court ruling actually banned, how Cyprus and Bulgaria got there first, and which programmes it does not touch.
British citizens cannot use the UK's Electronic Travel Authorisation. A dual national needs a valid British passport or a Certificate of Entitlement to enter smoothly. Here is the practical rule and what it costs.
Spain's digital nomad visa income threshold rose to 2,849 euros a month in 2026. Here is what UK citizens actually need to qualify, apply and understand about the Beckham Law tax regime.
The official minimum contributions for every active citizenship-by-investment programme, from Vanuatu's $130,000 to St Kitts and Nevis's $250,000, sourced directly from each government's citizenship unit.
The UK has permitted dual and multiple nationality without restriction since the British Nationality Act 1948, with no requirement to declare or renounce a foreign citizenship. Here is what actually applies and where the limits come from.
UK citizens use the term second passport to mean two different things: a concurrent British passport from HMPO, or citizenship of a second country. This guide separates the two, with current official fees and routes for each.
A country-by-country comparison of digital nomad and remote-work visas open to UK citizens in 2026: income thresholds, fees and tax treatment, sourced from official immigration authorities and checked before publication.
Statement of Changes HC 1691 is rolling out UK immigration rule changes in stages through 2026. Here's what's already in force and what's still to come, with confirmed dates.
From 8 July 2026 children aged 8+ can use UK eGates with an adult. What families need to know, plus how the EU's Entry/Exit System affects Schengen travel. Costs from £0.
How UK lenders assess personal loan applications from visa holders, why UK credit history matters more than overseas history, and how to improve your chances.
No recourse to public funds is a visa condition that blocks most benefits and housing help. Here is which benefits count as public funds, who is affected, and how to lift the condition.
The habitual residence test decides whether someone can claim certain means-tested benefits in the UK. Here are the two parts of the test, who must take it, and who is exempt.
The Immigration and Asylum Bill introduces a flat-rate charge requiring asylum seekers who can afford it to repay part of their accommodation and support costs. Here is who pays, how the threshold works, and what it means for settlement.
The Home Office has announced community, university and employer refugee sponsorship routes on a capped basis. Part of the Immigration and Asylum.
Ministers are divided over proposals for a new UK golden visa scheme for ultra-high-net-worth individuals. The previous Tier 1 Investor visa was.
Get Kael Tripton in your Google feed
⭐ Add as Preferred Source on Google