TL;DR
Banks must offer a basic bank account to anyone who is legally resident in the UK, regardless of immigration status or credit history. If a mainstream account is refused, ask specifically for a basic bank account
Last reviewed: June 2026 | Sources: Banking
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Banking Key Facts: Bank Accounts for Migrants Basic bank account: legal right if UK-residentID required: varies — many accept passport + proof of addressCredit history: not required for basic accountsFintech options: typically simpler ID requirementsRegulator: FCA |
The right to a basic bank account
EU Payment Accounts Directive rules, implemented in UK law through the Payment Accounts Regulations 2015, require banks to offer a basic bank account to anyone who is legally resident in the UK, including those with limited or no credit history and those with uncertain immigration status. A basic bank account allows receipt of payments and making payments but typically does not include an overdraft facility or cheque book.
The risks most people do not check
Banks may not proactively offer basic accounts. If a mainstream account application is declined, the bank is required to consider whether a basic bank account is appropriate and to offer one. However, this is not always done proactively. If refused a mainstream account, ask specifically: "Can I have a basic bank account?"
Identity document requirements vary between banks. Banks set their own identity verification requirements within FCA anti-money laundering rules. Some accept a passport alone; others require additional proof of UK address. Some banks do not accept certain document types. Fintech providers including Monzo, Starling and Revolut typically have simpler identity verification processes and often accept biometric passport verification through their apps.
A UK credit file is not required for a basic account. Basic bank accounts are not credit products and do not require a credit assessment. Refusal citing lack of UK credit history is not a valid ground for denying a basic bank account to a legally resident person.
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What to verify when opening
Check which identity documents the bank accepts before visiting. For fintech accounts, ensure you have a compatible smartphone and the relevant biometric passport. Confirm whether the account is FSCS-protected (UK bank accounts are; some e-money accounts are not).
Where to complain
If a bank refuses a basic bank account to a legally resident person without adequate justification, the Financial Ombudsman Service handles the complaint.
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Disclaimer This article is for information only and does not constitute regulated financial advice. Always verify current terms with relevant providers and seek regulated advice for your specific circumstances. Kael Tripton Ltd is an independent editorial publisher and is not regulated by the FCA. |
Frequently asked questions
Do I need a National Insurance number to open a bank account?
No. A National Insurance number is not required to open a bank account. Banks use identity documents for verification, not NI numbers. Some banks may ask for an NI number but it is not a legal requirement for account opening.
What is a basic bank account?
A basic bank account allows you to receive payments, pay bills by direct debit and make payments. It does not include an overdraft facility. The nine largest UK banks are required to offer basic bank accounts. They are free to use for basic transactions.
Can I open a UK bank account before arriving in the UK?
Some international banks allow accounts to be opened before arrival. Some fintech providers allow remote account opening with biometric verification before UK arrival. Traditional high street banks typically require in-person identity verification.
Is a fintech account (Monzo, Revolut) as safe as a traditional bank account?
UK-regulated banks are FSCS-protected up to £85,000. Monzo is a UK-regulated bank and FSCS-protected. Revolut holds an e-money institution licence, not a banking licence, which provides different (not equivalent) protections. Check the regulatory status of any account provider before depositing significant funds.
What documents do I need to open a UK bank account?
Requirements vary by bank but typically include a valid passport or national identity card and proof of UK address such as a utility bill or tenancy agreement. Some banks accept digital identity verification through their apps. Contact the specific bank before visiting to confirm their document requirements.
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Sources FCA: Basic Bank Accounts |
